Crystallizer



Marh Z 1926.

M. J. KERMER vCRYSTALLIZER Filed April 2, 1924 viril musmluwnmwmmumv Patented Mar. 2, 1926-.

y UNITED STATES MARTIN I. KERMER, o

r EvANsToN, ILLINoIs.

cRYsTALLIz'ER.

Application filed April 2,

To` all lwhom 2725 may concern V Be it` known that I, MARTIN J. KRMER, a citizen ofthe United States, residing -at Evanston,in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented ycertain new and useful Improvements in Crysta'llizers, of which the' followin is a specification.

The invention rettes toy crystallizers.

One o'fthe objects of the invention is to provide a machine thru which ya liquid in a condition of concentration may be passed, which will act upon the liquid to hasten the formation 0f crystals of a more desirable character of purity, size land abundance.

`,Another object is to improve machines of this character.'

Other objects, advantages and benefits will appea'rfrOml a consideration' of the following" descriptionl andthe accompanying drawing,- forming a part'h'ere'of, wherein Ei'g. 1 is an-aXial section of the device.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal elevation thereof.

Both views are broken to indicate the fact that the device be' longer than shown. In both views the same' reference characters indicate corresponding parts'. .If some'solutions, subjectI to crystallization, are lorisklyl agitated and at the same time suddenly chilled, or heated, they may thus be made to furnish very nearly chemically pure crystals and much larger and more abundant crystals than otherwise, and when this effect is rapidly producedl the mother liquor containing the im urities may be Washedv away. The crystal izer herein disclosed provides means whereby the solution may have its temperature quickly changedby a heating orv cooling agent, and means for agitating the solution by a sort of kneading process is provided effecting ya con'- tinuing forward and backward movement of the solution during its progress thru the conduit, in which the extent of the forward movement predominates thereby causing the solution and 'resulting crystals to progress slowly thru the conduit and maintaining said contents in yactive motion.

In the drawing 5 is a head having an inlet opening 6 and having a cap plate 7 for closing the head, extending into a` shaft bearing 8 for the axial shaft .9. A gear wheel 10 is secured to the end of the shaft 9 and is a means thru which the shaft may be rotated. Secured to the head 5, a flanged 1924. semi NB. 763,832...

sleeve 11`is provided` with anopeniiig`- 12 thru'which ax temperature changing agent passes into `the outer conduit'. Chamber 14 is provided between the outerfcoiiduit pipe or cylinder 13 and the concentric innefrfpiipe or cylinder 15'." The conduit pipe' 115'r enclo'ses a conduit chamber 16to` contain Initerial to beY acted upon.v V l y' On the shaft 9 is a spiral conveyor 17 of the worm type, which' will move the material from the head 5 to the discharge end of the crys'tallizer. l Y

Another conveyor 18 which vconsists,v as shown, of a series' of spaced blades mounted on the same shaft 9 and turning itherewith Y but which are'disposed at a different angle te' the shaft from that of the' blades 17y and which will move the material or parts thereof in `an opposite direction, so that there is a lmeading action'by the foreand aft moveuient, of the material effected by the two conveyors duringl its transit thru the machine. l v

f The material will beiin'ally move'dj entire ly through the interior conduit becausefthe rearward or return movement] not so' great as the initial' forward movement' owing to the" difference in the moving ability of the two conveyors. 'The conveyor 17 pitched in a direction will move the `material a further distance than the conveyor 18' which is pitched in an',(')pposite'v direction.l y

The shaft-,9 requires vhearing supports at frequent intervalsv and thecylinder 13` should p be provided with: expansion jointsv soy as to compensate' for the difference' in expansion and contraction of the cylinders 13 and l5.

To this end afcyli'nderV 20 is provided having a glalnd19 at each end to compress and glands eachv have an` annular flange'22. The cylinder 2O has a cooperating flange 23 at each of its ends, and bolts 24 pass thru the flanges to force the gland in place. The intention and object of this section is to provide means for supporting a shaft bearing as well as operating as 'an expansion joint member.

A shaft bearing 25 has two hubs. hub 26 provides the bearing for the shaft 9 and the hub 27 is screw threaded to receive adjacent threaded ends of pipes or cylinders 15, the remaining ends of the pipes or cylinders 15 are screwed into flange coupling members 11-11, and these anges may be attached to sections similar to those just described until the crystallizer has been made the desired length.

lVhile I have described the device by referring to it as al crystallizer, it is obviously clear that it may have many other usesa the word crystallizer being employed for the purpose of definition and not as a limitation.

The bearing member 25 may be an integral part ofthe cylinder 2O or it may be a separate part fitting closely within the cylinder and removable therefrom. It supports both conveyors, the shaft and the cylinders 15-15, within the outer cylinders 13 and 20.

The cylinders of the crystallizer may be made by using standard pipes and its linear dimensions may be prolonged to any desired extent by additional units, substantially such as described.

Means for exhausting the inner conduit 16 of vapor may be connected to opening 6 or elsewhere. The speed of the conveyor may be adjusted to correspond with the character of material being treated.

Having described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent; is Y 1. A crystallizer comprising two concentric conduits, the outer conduit to contain a temperature changing agent and the inner conduit to contain material to be acted upon; a conveyor within the inner conduit to move a portion of said material in a given direction thru the conduit; another conveyor to move a portion of said material to a less extent in an opposite direction; an axially positioned shaft comprising a part of both conveyors and bearings for the shaft at intervals within the inner conduit.

2. A crystallizer comprising two concentric conduits, the outer conduit to contain a temperaturechanging agent and the inner conduit to contain material to be acted upon; a conveyor within the inner conduit to move a portion of said material in a given direction thru the conduit; another conveyor to move a portion of said material to a less extent in an opposite direction; an axially positioned shaft comprising a part of both conveyors; a shaft bearing supported having a the outer by the outer conduit said bearing passageway to connect sections o conduit.

3. A crystallizer comprising two concentric conduits; an axially positioned shaft in the inner conduit comprising part of a conveyor; a conduit section in the outer conduit having an expansion joint connection with an adjacent section of the outer conduit and a shaft bearingcarried by the first mentioned section.

1. A crystallizer comprising two concentric pipes, the inner pipe for conducting material to be acted upon and the outer pipe lo conduct a temperature changing agent; an agitating conveyor in the inner pipe to move material therethrough; a shaft in the inner pipe to drive the conveyor; a bearing member supported by the outer pipe, having two concentric hubs, one in the inner pipe to afford bearing support for said shaft and one in the outer pipe to which adjacent sections of the inner pipe are connected said structure having a passageway between said hubs. i

5. A crystallizer comprising two concentric pipes; the inner pipe to contain material to be acted upon and outer pipe to contain a temperature-changing agent; a screw conduit in the inner section comprising a shaft and a series of separated spirally inclined blades to move material in a given direction thru said pipe and alternating blades inclined in an opposite direction to move said material in an opposite direction to produce a kneading action; said blades mounted on said shaft; a shaft bearing structure supported in the outer pipe having a shaft'bearing in the inner pipe and having a passageway in each pipe.

6. A double conduit comprising two concentric pipes; a shaft in the inner pipe; a conveyor means mounted on the shaft; a shaft bearing structure having two concentric hubs, one to afford bearing for the shaft and the other into which the inner pipe is secured and a by-pass thru said structure in each pipe.

In testimony whereof l hereunto set my hand.

MARTIN J. KERMER. 

